org.geotools.referencing.factory
Class AbstractAuthorityFactory

Object
  AbstractFactory
      ReferencingFactory
          AbstractAuthorityFactory

All Implemented Interfaces:

RegisterableService, Factory, AuthorityFactory

Direct Known Subclasses:

AbstractAuthorityMediator, AbstractCachedAuthorityFactory, AuthorityFactoryAdapter, BufferedAuthorityFactory, CachedAuthorityDecorator, CachedCRSAuthorityDecorator, DirectAuthorityFactory, ThreadedAuthorityFactory

public abstract class AbstractAuthorityFactory
extends ReferencingFactory
implements AuthorityFactory

Base class for authority factories. An authority is an organization that maintains definitions of authority codes. An authority code is a compact string defined by an authority to reference a particular spatial reference object. For example the European Petroleum Survey Group (EPSG) maintains a database of coordinate systems, and other spatial referencing objects, where each object has a code number ID. For example, the EPSG code for a WGS84 Lat/Lon coordinate system is "4326".

This class defines a default implementation for most methods defined in the DatumAuthorityFactory, CSAuthorityFactory and CRSAuthorityFactory interfaces. However, those interfaces do not appear in the implements clause of this class declaration. This is up to subclasses to decide which interfaces they declare to implement.

The default implementation for all createFoo methods ultimately invokes createObject(java.lang.String), which may be the only method that a subclass need to override. However, other methods may be overridden as well for better performances.

Since:

2.1

Author:

Martin Desruisseaux (IRD)

Field Summary

Fields inherited from class ReferencingFactory

LOGGER

Fields inherited from class AbstractFactory

hints, MAXIMUM_PRIORITY, MINIMUM_PRIORITY, NORMAL_PRIORITY, priority

Constructor Summary

protected

AbstractAuthorityFactory(int priority) Constructs an instance using the specified priority level.

Method Summary

CartesianCS	createCartesianCS(String code) Creates a cartesian coordinate system from a code.
CompoundCRS	createCompoundCRS(String code) Creates a 3D coordinate reference system from a code.
CoordinateOperation	createCoordinateOperation(String code) Creates an operation from a single operation code.
CoordinateReferenceSystem	createCoordinateReferenceSystem(String code) Returns an arbitrary coordinate reference system from a code.
CoordinateSystem	createCoordinateSystem(String code) Returns an arbitrary coordinate system from a code.
CoordinateSystemAxis	createCoordinateSystemAxis(String code) Returns a coordinate system axis from a code.
CylindricalCS	createCylindricalCS(String code) Creates a cylindrical coordinate system from a code.
Datum	createDatum(String code) Returns an arbitrary datum from a code.
DerivedCRS	createDerivedCRS(String code) Creates a derived coordinate reference system from a code.
Ellipsoid	createEllipsoid(String code) Returns an ellipsoid from a code.
EllipsoidalCS	createEllipsoidalCS(String code) Creates an ellipsoidal coordinate system from a code.
EngineeringCRS	createEngineeringCRS(String code) Creates a engineering coordinate reference system from a code.
EngineeringDatum	createEngineeringDatum(String code) Creates a engineering datum from a code.
Extent	createExtent(String code) Returns a extent (usually an area of validity) from a code.
Set<CoordinateOperation>	createFromCoordinateReferenceSystemCodes(String sourceCRS, String targetCRS) Creates an operation from coordinate reference system codes.
GeocentricCRS	createGeocentricCRS(String code) Returns a geocentric coordinate reference system from a code.
GeodeticDatum	createGeodeticDatum(String code) Returns a geodetic datum from a code.
GeographicCRS	createGeographicCRS(String code) Returns a geographic coordinate reference system from a code.
ImageCRS	createImageCRS(String code) Creates a image coordinate reference system from a code.
ImageDatum	createImageDatum(String code) Creates a image datum from a code.
IdentifiedObject	createObject(String code) Returns an arbitrary object from a code.
OperationMethod	createOperationMethod(String code) Creates an operation method from a code.
ParameterDescriptor	createParameterDescriptor(String code) Creates a parameter descriptor from a code.
PolarCS	createPolarCS(String code) Creates a polar coordinate system from a code.
PrimeMeridian	createPrimeMeridian(String code) Returns a prime meridian from a code.
ProjectedCRS	createProjectedCRS(String code) Returns a projected coordinate reference system from a code.
SphericalCS	createSphericalCS(String code) Creates a spherical coordinate system from a code.
TemporalCRS	createTemporalCRS(String code) Creates a temporal coordinate reference system from a code.
TemporalDatum	createTemporalDatum(String code) Creates a temporal datum from a code.
TimeCS	createTimeCS(String code) Creates a temporal coordinate system from a code.
Unit<?>	createUnit(String code) Returns an unit from a code.
VerticalCRS	createVerticalCRS(String code) Creates a vertical coordinate reference system from a code.
VerticalCS	createVerticalCS(String code) Creates a vertical coordinate system from a code.
VerticalDatum	createVerticalDatum(String code) Creates a vertical datum from a code.
void	dispose() Releases resources immediately instead of waiting for the garbage collector.
abstract Citation	getAuthority() Returns the organization or party responsible for definition and maintenance of the database.
String	getBackingStoreDescription() Returns a description of the underlying backing store, or null if unknown.
IdentifiedObjectFinder	getIdentifiedObjectFinder(Class<? extends IdentifiedObject> type) Returns a finder which can be used for looking up unidentified objects.
protected NoSuchAuthorityCodeException	noSuchAuthorityCode(Class type, String code) Creates an exception for an unknow authority code.
protected String	trimAuthority(String code) Trims the authority scope, if present.

Methods inherited from class ReferencingFactory

ensureNonNull, getVendor

Methods inherited from class AbstractFactory

addImplementationHints, equals, getImplementationHints, getPriority, hashCode, onDeregistration, onRegistration, toString

Methods inherited from class Object

clone, finalize, getClass, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait

Methods inherited from interface AuthorityFactory

getAuthorityCodes, getDescriptionText

Methods inherited from interface Factory

getVendor

Constructor Detail

AbstractAuthorityFactory

protected AbstractAuthorityFactory(int priority)

Constructs an instance using the specified priority level.

Parameters:

priority - The priority for this factory, as a number between MINIMUM_PRIORITY and MAXIMUM_PRIORITY inclusive.

Method Detail

getAuthority

public abstract Citation getAuthority()

Returns the organization or party responsible for definition and maintenance of the database.

Specified by:

getAuthority in interface AuthorityFactory

Returns:

The organization reponsible for definition of the database.

getBackingStoreDescription

public String getBackingStoreDescription()
                                  throws FactoryException

Returns a description of the underlying backing store, or null if unknown. This is for example the database software used for storing the data. The default implementation returns always null.

Returns:

The description of the underlying backing store, or null.

Throws:

FactoryException - if a failure occurs while fetching the engine description.

createObject

public IdentifiedObject createObject(String code)
                              throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                     FactoryException

Returns an arbitrary object from a code. The returned object will typically be an instance of Datum, CoordinateSystem, CoordinateReferenceSystem or CoordinateOperation. The default implementation always throw an exception. Subclasses should override this method if they are capable to automatically detect the object type from its code.

Specified by:

createObject in interface AuthorityFactory

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The object for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

See Also:

createCoordinateReferenceSystem(java.lang.String), createDatum(java.lang.String), createEllipsoid(java.lang.String), createUnit(java.lang.String)

createDatum

public Datum createDatum(String code)
                  throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                         FactoryException

Returns an arbitrary datum from a code. The default implementation invokes createObject(code).

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The datum for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

See Also:

createGeodeticDatum(java.lang.String), createVerticalDatum(java.lang.String), createTemporalDatum(java.lang.String)

createEngineeringDatum

public EngineeringDatum createEngineeringDatum(String code)
                                        throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                               FactoryException

Creates a engineering datum from a code. The default implementation invokes createDatum(code).

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The datum for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

See Also:

createEngineeringCRS(java.lang.String)

createImageDatum

public ImageDatum createImageDatum(String code)
                            throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                   FactoryException

Creates a image datum from a code. The default implementation invokes createDatum(code).

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The datum for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

See Also:

createImageCRS(java.lang.String)

createVerticalDatum

public VerticalDatum createVerticalDatum(String code)
                                  throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                         FactoryException

Creates a vertical datum from a code. The default implementation invokes createDatum(code).

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The datum for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

See Also:

createVerticalCRS(java.lang.String)

createTemporalDatum

public TemporalDatum createTemporalDatum(String code)
                                  throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                         FactoryException

Creates a temporal datum from a code. The default implementation invokes createDatum(code).

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The datum for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

See Also:

createTemporalCRS(java.lang.String)

createGeodeticDatum

public GeodeticDatum createGeodeticDatum(String code)
                                  throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                         FactoryException

Returns a geodetic datum from a code. The default implementation invokes createDatum(code).

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The datum for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

See Also:

createEllipsoid(java.lang.String), createPrimeMeridian(java.lang.String), createGeographicCRS(java.lang.String), createProjectedCRS(java.lang.String)

createEllipsoid

public Ellipsoid createEllipsoid(String code)
                          throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                 FactoryException

Returns an ellipsoid from a code. The default implementation invokes createObject(code).

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The ellipsoid for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

See Also:

createGeodeticDatum(java.lang.String)

createPrimeMeridian

public PrimeMeridian createPrimeMeridian(String code)
                                  throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                         FactoryException

Returns a prime meridian from a code. The default implementation invokes createObject(code).

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The prime meridian for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

See Also:

createGeodeticDatum(java.lang.String)

createExtent

public Extent createExtent(String code)
                    throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                           FactoryException

Returns a extent (usually an area of validity) from a code. The default implementation invokes createObject(code).

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The extent for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

createCoordinateSystem

public CoordinateSystem createCoordinateSystem(String code)
                                        throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                               FactoryException

Returns an arbitrary coordinate system from a code. The default implementation invokes createObject(code).

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The coordinate system for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

createCartesianCS

public CartesianCS createCartesianCS(String code)
                              throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                     FactoryException

Creates a cartesian coordinate system from a code. The default implementation invokes createCoordinateSystem(code).

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The coordinate system for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

createPolarCS

public PolarCS createPolarCS(String code)
                      throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                             FactoryException

Creates a polar coordinate system from a code. The default implementation invokes createCoordinateSystem(code).

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The coordinate system for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

createCylindricalCS

public CylindricalCS createCylindricalCS(String code)
                                  throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                         FactoryException

Creates a cylindrical coordinate system from a code. The default implementation invokes createCoordinateSystem(code).

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The coordinate system for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

createSphericalCS

public SphericalCS createSphericalCS(String code)
                              throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                     FactoryException

Creates a spherical coordinate system from a code. The default implementation invokes createCoordinateSystem(code).

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The coordinate system for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

createEllipsoidalCS

public EllipsoidalCS createEllipsoidalCS(String code)
                                  throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                         FactoryException

Creates an ellipsoidal coordinate system from a code. The default implementation invokes createCoordinateSystem(code).

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The coordinate system for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

createVerticalCS

public VerticalCS createVerticalCS(String code)
                            throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                   FactoryException

Creates a vertical coordinate system from a code. The default implementation invokes createCoordinateSystem(code).

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The coordinate system for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

createTimeCS

public TimeCS createTimeCS(String code)
                    throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                           FactoryException

Creates a temporal coordinate system from a code. The default implementation invokes createCoordinateSystem(code).

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The coordinate system for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

createCoordinateSystemAxis

public CoordinateSystemAxis createCoordinateSystemAxis(String code)
                                                throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                                       FactoryException

Returns a coordinate system axis from a code. The default implementation invokes createObject(code).

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The axis for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

createUnit

public Unit<?> createUnit(String code)
                   throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                          FactoryException

Returns an unit from a code. The default implementation invokes createObject(code).

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The unit for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

createCoordinateReferenceSystem

public CoordinateReferenceSystem createCoordinateReferenceSystem(String code)
                                                          throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                                                 FactoryException

Returns an arbitrary coordinate reference system from a code. If the coordinate reference system type is know at compile time, it is recommended to invoke the most precise method instead of this one (for example createGeographicCRS(code) instead of createCoordinateReferenceSystem(code) if the caller know he is asking for a geographic coordinate reference system).

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The coordinate reference system for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

See Also:

createGeographicCRS(java.lang.String), createProjectedCRS(java.lang.String), createVerticalCRS(java.lang.String), createTemporalCRS(java.lang.String), createCompoundCRS(java.lang.String)

createCompoundCRS

public CompoundCRS createCompoundCRS(String code)
                              throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                     FactoryException

Creates a 3D coordinate reference system from a code.

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The coordinate reference system for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

createDerivedCRS

public DerivedCRS createDerivedCRS(String code)
                            throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                   FactoryException

Creates a derived coordinate reference system from a code.

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The coordinate reference system for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

createEngineeringCRS

public EngineeringCRS createEngineeringCRS(String code)
                                    throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                           FactoryException

Creates a engineering coordinate reference system from a code.

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The coordinate reference system for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

createGeographicCRS

public GeographicCRS createGeographicCRS(String code)
                                  throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                         FactoryException

Returns a geographic coordinate reference system from a code.

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The coordinate reference system for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

See Also:

createGeodeticDatum(java.lang.String)

createGeocentricCRS

public GeocentricCRS createGeocentricCRS(String code)
                                  throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                         FactoryException

Returns a geocentric coordinate reference system from a code.

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The coordinate reference system for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed.

See Also:

createGeodeticDatum(java.lang.String)

createImageCRS

public ImageCRS createImageCRS(String code)
                        throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                               FactoryException

Creates a image coordinate reference system from a code.

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The coordinate reference system for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

createProjectedCRS

public ProjectedCRS createProjectedCRS(String code)
                                throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                       FactoryException

Returns a projected coordinate reference system from a code.

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The coordinate reference system for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

See Also:

createGeodeticDatum(java.lang.String)

createTemporalCRS

public TemporalCRS createTemporalCRS(String code)
                              throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                     FactoryException

Creates a temporal coordinate reference system from a code.

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The coordinate reference system for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

See Also:

createTemporalDatum(java.lang.String)

createVerticalCRS

public VerticalCRS createVerticalCRS(String code)
                              throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                     FactoryException

Creates a vertical coordinate reference system from a code.

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The coordinate reference system for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

See Also:

createVerticalDatum(java.lang.String)

createParameterDescriptor

public ParameterDescriptor createParameterDescriptor(String code)
                                              throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                                     FactoryException

Creates a parameter descriptor from a code.

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The coordinate reference system for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

Since:

2.2

createOperationMethod

public OperationMethod createOperationMethod(String code)
                                      throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                             FactoryException

Creates an operation method from a code.

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The operation method for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

Since:

2.2

createCoordinateOperation

public CoordinateOperation createCoordinateOperation(String code)
                                              throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                                     FactoryException

Creates an operation from a single operation code.

Parameters:

code - Value allocated by authority.

Returns:

The operation for the given code.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if the specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

Since:

2.2

createFromCoordinateReferenceSystemCodes

public Set<CoordinateOperation> createFromCoordinateReferenceSystemCodes(String sourceCRS,
                                                                         String targetCRS)
                                                                  throws NoSuchAuthorityCodeException,
                                                                         FactoryException

Creates an operation from coordinate reference system codes. The default implementation returns an empty set. We do not delegate to some kind of coordinate operation factory method because the usual contract for this method is to extract the information from an authority database like EPSG, not to compute operations on-the-fly.

Rational: Coordinate operation factory backed by an authority will invoke this method. If this method invoked the coordinate operation factory in turn, the application could be trapped in infinite recursive calls.

Parameters:

sourceCRS - Coded value of source coordinate reference system.

targetCRS - Coded value of target coordinate reference system.

Returns:

The operations from sourceCRS to targetCRS.

Throws:

NoSuchAuthorityCodeException - if a specified code was not found.

FactoryException - if the object creation failed for some other reason.

Since:

2.2

getIdentifiedObjectFinder

public IdentifiedObjectFinder getIdentifiedObjectFinder(Class<? extends IdentifiedObject> type)
                                                 throws FactoryException

Returns a finder which can be used for looking up unidentified objects. The finder fetchs a fully identified object from an incomplete one, for example from an object without identifier or "AUTHORITY[...]" element in Well Known Text terminology.

Parameters:

type - The type of objects to look for. Should be a GeoAPI interface like GeographicCRS.class, but this method accepts also implementation class. If the type is unknown, use IdentifiedObject.class. A more accurate type may help to speed up the search, since it reduces the amount of tables to scan in some implementations like the factories backed by EPSG database.

Returns:

A finder to use for looking up unidentified objects.

Throws:

FactoryException - if the finder can not be created.

Since:

2.4

dispose

public void dispose()
             throws FactoryException

Releases resources immediately instead of waiting for the garbage collector. Once a factory has been disposed, further create(...) invocations may throw a FactoryException. Disposing a previously-disposed factory, however, has no effect.

Throws:

FactoryException - if an error occured while disposing the factory.

trimAuthority

protected String trimAuthority(String code)

Trims the authority scope, if present. For example if this factory is an EPSG authority factory and the specified code start with the "EPSG:" prefix, then the prefix is removed. Otherwise, the string is returned unchanged (except for leading and trailing spaces).

Parameters:

code - The code to trim.

Returns:

The code without the authority scope.

noSuchAuthorityCode

protected final NoSuchAuthorityCodeException noSuchAuthorityCode(Class type,
                                                                 String code)

Creates an exception for an unknow authority code. This convenience method is provided for implementation of createXXX methods.

Parameters:

type - The GeoAPI interface that was to be created (e.g. CoordinateReferenceSystem.class).

code - The unknow authority code.

Returns:

An exception initialized with an error message built from the specified informations.